bta-mir-130a: bta-mir-130a is a microRNA that has been found to affect cellular triacylglyceride synthesis in bovine mammary epithelial cells by regulating PPAR-γ, fatty acid storage, and glucose metabolism [PMC6164576]. It has also been linked to milk fat synthesis [PMC6164576]. The designation of bta-mir-130a is used without the 3p/5p specifications in the literature [PMC9192975]. The expression pattern of bta-mir-130a has been validated at different growth stages using qRT-PCR [PMC8727870]. It is one of the most significant differentially expressed miRNAs and targets the 3'UTR of several genes with high confidence [PMC9437019]. In response to Gram-positive S. uberis, bta-mir-130a is down-regulated and has known roles in immunity and infection in other species [PMC3589390]. It also regulates the biosynthesis of bovine milk fat by targeting peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma [PMC6699390]. In addition, bta-mir-130a is involved in inflammation and disease processes [PMC9445238]. qPCR validation confirms the expression pattern of bta-mir-130a using reference smallRNAs such as RNU6, SNORD95, and miScript Primer Assay [PMC6965648]. Overexpression of bta-mir-130a reduces triglyceride concentration in epithelial cells and interferes with lipid droplet formation. It also affects gene expression related to differentiation and lipid metabolism by down-regulating genes such as C/EBPα, C/EBPβ, FABP4, LPIN1, LPL while increasing SREBP1 expression. The inhibition of bta-mir-130a decreases SREBP1 expression [PMC7140828].