osa-miR167a-5p: Osa-mir167a-5p is a microRNA (miRNA) that has been found to target the gene LOC10514358 involved in fatty acid (FA) elongation [PMC8358462]. In a study comparing different genotypes, it was observed that the expression of osa-mir167a-5p was increased in IRBB5 and IR24, while it decreased or showed slight fluctuation in other genotypes [PMC7037501]. Further analysis of miRNA expression revealed that osa-mir167a-5p is a positive regulator, along with osa-miR159b, while osa-miR160a-5p and osa-miR167d-5p act as negative regulators [PMC7037501]. The expression trends of these miRNAs were consistent with the sequencing data, as confirmed by qRT-PCR experiments [PMC7037501] [PMC4448008]. In another study on rice stripe virus infection, it was found that osa-mir167a-5p is upregulated in susceptible plants [PMC5897953]. qRT-PCR analysis also showed similar expression patterns for osa-mir167a-5p in flag leaves and panicles [PMC4203131]. Additionally, it was observed that osa-mir167a-5p had the highest number of modified reads aligned to it among all miRNAs analyzed [PMC6042804]. Overall, these findings highlight the importance of osamir167-a5p in various biological processes and its potential role in rice immunity.