bta-mir-223: Bta-mir-223 is a microRNA that has been identified as a possible biomarker for the early diagnosis of mastitis in cows [PMC9598662]. In a study that established the miRNA expression profile of bovine milk exosomes in response to S. aureus infection, bta-mir-223 was found to be one of the miRNAs that showed differential expression [PMC9598662]. The study also identified bta-miR-142-5p as another potential biomarker for mastitis diagnosis [PMC9598662]. Further research has shown that silencing the RHOB gene, which is involved in regulating inflammatory responses, inhibits the release of inflammatory factors in bovine mammary epithelial cells (bMECs) [PMC9563457]. This finding is consistent with the results observed in a group where bta-mir-223 was artificially increased (mimic group), which also showed attenuation of the inflammatory response in bMECs [PMC9563457]. These findings suggest that bta-mir-223 may play a role in regulating inflammatory responses during mastitis. The differential expression of this microRNA could potentially be used as an early diagnostic marker for mastitis, allowing for timely intervention and treatment. However, further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms and potential clinical applications of bta-mir-223 in mastitis diagnosis and treatment.