ame-mir-1: Ame-mir-1 is a microRNA that has been shown to affect host and fungal pathogen interactions by regulating host proliferation, apoptosis, and immune response [PMC7785045]. It is speculated that the miR-1 family, which includes ame-mir-1, plays a role in the honeybee response to N. ceranae invasion [PMC6780218]. A study found a significant down-regulation of ame-mir-1 in Apis mellifera workers at 6 dpi with N. ceranae [PMC6780218]. Tests on candidate miRNAs showed similar transcription levels for both RNA strands of ame-mir-1 [PMC2394756]. Ame-mir-1 is located near ame-mir-133 and both may have similar functions in honey bees [PMC2394756]. In the larval gut of honey bees, 35 differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs (DElncRNAs) were found to target miR-1-z (highly homologous to ame-mir-1), which in turn targeted 32 differentially expressed mRNAs (DEmRNAs) [PMC9800914]. A comparison of hairpin structures showed similarities between bmo-miR-1, aga-miR-1, ame-mir-1, dme-miR-1, and dps-miR precursors [PMC2435238]. These findings highlight the importance of ame-mir-1 in regulating various biological processes in honey bees and its potential role in host-pathogen interactions.