bta-mir-374a: bta-mir-374a, a microRNA, was found to be differentially expressed between lactating and non-lactating cows [PMC6162677]. In the study, bta-mir-374a was identified as the most significantly down-regulated miRNA, along with bta-miR-15b and bta-miR-26a [PMC6162677]. Conversely, bta-miR-455-5p, bta-miR-210, and bta-miR-497 were the most significantly up-regulated miRNAs [PMC6162677]. It was discovered that bta-mir-374a potentially targeted 36 different genes that are important for ileum functions [PMC6162677]. However, in a ddPCR validation study, only the expression of bta-miR-1246 was consistent with the sequencing result [PMC7519046]. Additionally, in another study comparing HS-EVs and control-EVs in cows, five miRNAs were found to be significantly enriched in HS-EVs including bta-mir-374a [PMC7519046]. In a study on bubaline PBMCs infected with M. paratuberculosis, it was observed that most of the miRNAs including bta-mir-374a were downregulated [PMC7242893]. Interestingly, hsa-miR-374a-5p had three bovine homologs including bta-mir-374a [PMC9459146]. Furthermore, hsa-miR 1283 and hsa miR 664b 3p along with their bovine homologs are considered promising candidates for further research [PMC9459146]. References: [PMC6162677] [PMC7519046] [PMC7242893] [PMC9459146]