MIR3193: MIR3193 is a microRNA that has been identified as one of the novel microRNAs in melanomas [PMC8776809]. In breast cancer, the promoter regions of three genes (MIR124-2, RP11-713P17.4, and NUS1P3) were hypermethylated in brain metastases (BBM), while three genes (MIR3193, CTD-2023M8.1, and MTND6P4) were hypomethylated in BBM compared to primary tumors [PMC8776809]. The promoter regions of RP11-713P14.4, MIR3193, MTND6P4, and CTD-2023M8.1 were analyzed in primary breast tumors [PMC8776809]. MIR3193 was found to be frequently upregulated in glioma compared to normal brain tissue [PMC8776809][PMC8776809]. MIR3193 and MTND6P4 were commonly unmethylated in BBM and their originating primary breast tumors [PMC8776809]. These genes are non-protein coding genes including microRNAs (MIR3193 and MIR124-2), long intergenic non-coding RNA (lincRNA) genes (RP11-713P17.4 and CTD-2023M8.1), and pseudogenes (MTND6P4 and NUS1P3) [PMC8776809]. In BBM samples, CTD-2028M8.1 was methylated in 26%, MIR3193 was methylated in 29%, while MTND6P4 was unmethylated [PMC8776809]. The study identified a panel of six novel non-protein coding genes that are epigenetically dysregulated in cancer metastases including RP11-713P17.4, NUS1P3, MIR3193, MTND6P4, and CTD-2023M8.1 [PMC8776809]. MIR3193 and MTND6P4 have metastatic promoter function and are silenced in normal breast tissues and primary breast tumors due to methylation [PMC8776809]. MIR3193, MTND6P4, and CTD-2023M8.1 are hypomethylated in BBM compared to primary tumors and normal breast tissues [PMC8776809]. In a study on primary breast tumors and circulating DNA isolated from patients' serum, MIR3193 showed a similar methylation status in 50% of the samples [PMC8776809]. In another study on brain metastases compared to primary brain tumors, MIR3193 was found to be hypomethylated [PMC10109215].