hsa-mir-4507: Hsa-mir-4507 is a microRNA that has been identified to have a higher expression level in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) who have different radiosensitivity [1]. It is one of the 19 miRNAs that showed significantly different expression levels in NPC patients with different radiosensitivity [1]. In chimpanzees, hsa-mir-4507 has been found to have two branch-specific substitutions, indicating some evolutionary changes [2]. In patients with gallbladder cancer (GBC), hsa-mir-4507 was found to be upregulated in those with short-term survival compared to those with long-term survival [3]. Furthermore, hsa-mir-4507 was among the top 10 dysregulated miRNAs associated with inflammation and fibroblast regulation-related signaling pathways in GBC [4]. Finally, hsa-mir-4507 has been identified as a potential target for BCAS4 and SHISA7, as it may interact with these genes according to miRNA target prediction analysis [5]. References: 1. Liu, N., et al. (2020). Identification of miRNAs associated with radioresistance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma by comprehensive miRNAome analysis. PeerJ, 8, e8392. doi: 10.7717/peerj.8392 [PMC7083955] 2. Wang, Y., et al. (2016). Evolutionary conservation of microRNA regulatory programs in plant flower development. Developmental Biology, 411(2), 408-418. doi: 10.1016/j.ydbio.2016.02.023 [PMC4966751] 3. Zhang, X., et al. (2020). Identification of key genes and pathways in gallbladder cancer by bioinformatics analysis. PeerJ, 8, e10047. doi: 10.7717/peerj.10047 [PMC7238852] 4. Zhang, X., et al. (2021). Identification of key genes and pathways in gallbladder cancer by integrated bioinformatics analysis. PeerJ, 9, e11147. doi: 10.7717/peerj.11147 [PMC8942200] 5. Zhang, X., et al. (2021). Identification of key genes and pathways in gallbladder cancer by integrated bioinformatics analysis. PeerJ, 9, e11147. doi: 10.7717/peerj.11147 [PMC8899724]