bta-mir-574: Bta-mir-574 is a microRNA that has been associated with a bacterial cluster comprising Prevotella, Bacteroides, Ruminococcus, Propionibacterium, and Klebsiella [PMC6708143]. It has been found to affect lactation and mammary gland development through its interaction with the leptin receptor [PMC6258393]. However, the expression of bta-mir-574 in the HM or LM fraction was only partially consistent with previous studies [PMC5209821]. Bta-mir-574 is also involved in the regulation of AURKA and other candidate differentially expressed genes (DEGs) [PMC6213350]. In addition to bta-mir-574, other miRNAs such as bta-miR-3432a, bta-miR-2285e, bta-miR-197, and bta-miR-2284y have been identified in the cellular fraction [PMC9783024]. Bta-mir-574 is one of 13 highly abundant miRNAs that have been identified in lactating mammary gland tissue [PMC5472319]. It has also been found to regulate the expression of target genes involved in mammary gland biology during lactation [PMC5414302]. Specifically, bta-mir-574 may play an important role in milk ingredient transport and synthesis through its regulation of LEPR in the adipocytokine signaling pathway [PMC5414302]. Furthermore, studies have suggested that bta-mir-574 controls the development and lactation of mammary tissue in dairy goats through its regulation of leptin receptor [PMC9029867].