SNORD114-9: SNORD114-9 is a snoRNA (small nucleolar RNA) located in the imprinted DLK1-DIO3 cluster, similar to the SNORD cluster in the Prader-Willi/Angelman region [PMC5850272]. In a study, seven CpGs in the proximal promoters of ATG4C and SNORD114-9 were not associated with assisted reproductive technology (ART) or intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) [PMC7801794]. In another study, SNORD114-9 was identified as one of the snoRNAs that were downregulated in adrenocortical carcinoma samples [PMC5607708]. The methylation status of SNORD114-9 was validated using bisulfite sequencing and it was found that hypomethylation of SNORD114-9 correlated with high gene expression in tumor samples [PMC5796982]. The expression levels of DLK1-DIO3 cluster components, including SNORD114-9, were analyzed using quantitative PCR [PMC5796982]. In a study on children conceived through assisted reproductive techniques, including ICSI and IVF, differential methylation of ATG4C and SNORD114-9 was observed. The methylation levels of CpG 3 in SNORD114-9 differed significantly between ICSI children and controls [PMC5850272]. The pyrosequencing assays targeting CpGs in ATG4C and SNORD114-9 provided more accurate measurements of regional methylation levels compared to arrays [PMC5850272]. It is speculated that altered methylation patterns in ATG4C and decreased methylation in SNORD114-9 may modulate cancer susceptibility [PMC5850272]. References: [PMC7801794] [PMC7461500] [PMC5607708] [PMC5796982] [PMC5850272]