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mmu-mir-721: The mouse miRNA mmu-mir-721 is a microRNA that is produced by Th17 cells [PMC9340754]. It has been found to be highly expressed in mouse models of experimental autoimmune myocarditis and coxsackievirus-induced myocarditis, but not in mice with myocardial infarction [PMC9340754]. Mmu-mir-721 has been shown to target the mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 (Mapk1), a kinase involved in various signaling pathways [PMC4531287]. It has also been found to be upregulated in Th17 cells and has diagnostic significance for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) [PMC9846646]. Mmu-mir-721, along with mmu-miR-221-3p, mmu-miR-222-3p, mmu-miR-130b-3p, and mmu-miR-27a/b-3p, can regulate the expression of FOS and PPARG [PMC6526899]. Mmu-mir-721 is present in the plasma of mice with autoimmune or viral myocarditis but not in those with AMI [PMC9995594]. It belongs to the same miRNA family as mmu-miR130b-3p and is predicted to share target mRNAs with it [PMC5595893]. Mmu-mir 721 is also upregulated during pneumonia and expressed at moderate to high levels in lung neutrophils [PMC5595893]. The human homolog of mmu-mir 721, hsa-Chr8:96, has been identified as a potential biomarker for acute myocarditis in patients [PMC9865796]. In a murine model, Th17 cells have been shown to upregulate mmu-mir 721 among other dysregulated miRNAs [PMC9082251].
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