osa-miR319a-3p: Osa-mir319a-3p is a microRNA that has been found to be upregulated in the root tissue of N22 after SDS treatment [PMC5447883]. It has been shown to negatively target the TCP family transcription factor 4 (TCP4) [PMC8704135]. Unlike ata-miR164a-5p, osa-mir319a-3p.2-3p is upregulated under Cd and salt stresses [PMC8704135]. It has also been found to be highly expressed in the root and fruit, with its target genes AFB2 and TIR1 also highly expressed in the same tissues [PMC9879538]. Osa-mir319a-3p is one of several miRNAs predicted to target multiple genes, with only a few miRNAs predicted to hit a single target gene [PMC9597502]. In XZ29, osa-mir319a-3p was upregulated while ata-miR396a-5p and ata-miR396e-5p were downregulated, showing opposite expression patterns [PMC6069884]. Degradome analysis revealed that osa-mir319a-3p.2-3p was associated with several target genes, including TCP4 and growth-regulating factors [PMC6069884]. In Golden Promise, there was no significant difference in expression levels of osa-mir319a-3p.2-3p and its target gene compared to XZ29 [PMC6069884]. Osa-mir319a-3p is one of several miRNAs that regulate abiotic and biotic stress responses but its role in seed development has not yet been identified [PMC10116700]. References: [PMC5447883] [PMC8704135] [PMC9879538] [PMC9597502] [PMC6069884] [PMC10116700]