hsa-mir-3659: Hsa-mir-3659 is a miRNA that has not been studied in relation to prostate cancer (PCa) [PMC8100013]. The expression of hsa-mir-3659 was analyzed using the 2-ΔΔCt method in conjunction with other miRNAs [PMC7719707]. In a study, the diagnostic value of the urinary hsv2-miR-H9 to hsa-mir-3659 expression ratio was determined as a non-invasive diagnostic marker for PCa [PMC8902421]. The expression ratio of urinary hsv2-miR-H9 to hsa-mir-3659 was calculated using RT-PCR and compared between PCa and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) groups [PMC8902421]. Hsa-mir-3659 was found to be upregulated in non-responder patients [PMC5918871]. Additionally, hsa-mir-3659 was found to be upregulated in PDLSC after nicotine treatment, suggesting an effect of cigarette smoking on its expression [PMC5379007]. The specific forward primer for amplifying hsa-mir-3659 in PCR reactions is 5′-TGAGTGTTGTCTACGAGGGCA-3′ [PMC8902421][PMC5918871][PMC5379007][PMC4401551]. Hsa-mir-3659 is an unstudied miRNA that has been analyzed for its expression levels and diagnostic value in relation to prostate cancer. It has also been found to be upregulated in non-responder patients and after nicotine treatment.