bta-miR-138: Bta-mir-138 is a microRNA that is significantly downregulated during LPS induction [PMC9260119]. It is predicted to target the 3'UTR of IKBKE and its expression level is significantly decreased [PMC9260119]. Bta-mir-138, along with other miRNAs such as miR-149-5p, bta-miR-214, bta-miR-504, bta-miR-2387, bta-miR-2466-3p, and bta-miR-6523a, are selected as central hubs regulating annotated signaling pathways [PMC9445238]. Bta-mir-138 and other miRNAs such as bta-mir-2466-3p and bta-mir-214 are also selected based on centrality and betweenness in a time-dependent expression analysis [PMC9445238]. In transition dairy cows, these miRNAs are central hubs that regulate key signal transduction pathways associated with energy homeostasis and immune response [PMC9445238]. Bta-mir 138 is downregulated in the infected compartment compared to the control [PMC4840452]. It has been shown that the expression of bta-mir 138 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells stimulated by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) is increased [PMC8935994]. BTA-MIR 138 may play a role in the immune response induced by P. multocida [PMC8935994]. It simultaneously regulates two genes (ADCY7 and SLC38A4) and YPEL4 (yippee-like 4) which is enriched in the TLR signaling pathway. The expression of BTA-MIR 138 was also significantly increased after P. multocida strain serotype A stimulation. The high-throughput sequencing results were validated by qRT-PCR, which showed an upregulation of bta-mir-138 in CpG ODN stimulated PBMCs [PMC8935994] [PMC4892552].