bta-miR-196a: Bta-mir-196a is a microRNA that has been studied in various contexts. It has been found to have hypomethylated putative transcription start sites (TSS) in two loci [PMC6691986]. Bta-mir-196a, along with other microRNAs such as bta-miR-146b, bta-miR-26b, and bta-miR-30d, has been implicated in the regulation of muscle fatty acid composition [PMC6637853]. It has also been reported to have a higher expression level in cattle with higher amounts of intramuscular fat [PMC6637853]. Bta-mir-196a was detected at day 3 but disappeared at day 7 of the estrous cycle [PMC4156418]. In the context of sperm, bta-mir-196a was found to be enriched in Y sperm compared to X sperm [PMC7505075]. Bta-mir-196a has also been identified in bovine milk and colostrum [PMC8787201]. In yak testes development, bta-mir-196a is among the microRNAs that could be involved [PMC9940382]. It is differentially expressed between fresh and frozen sperm and is also differentially expressed during S. aureus infection and Crohn's disease associated with MAP infection [PMC7214931] [PMC8568169]. Additionally, its expression has been verified in various tissues such as the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and mammary gland using RT-qPCR [PMC9821774]. Overall, there are 13 bovine homologs of bta-mir-196a that have been identified. Two of them are read in reverse direction while eleven are forward stranded [PMC9459146].