hsa-mir-4434: Hsa-mir-4434 is a microRNA that was found to be upregulated in a miRNA microarray study [PMC4626193]. The study also identified other downregulated miRNAs, such as hsa-miR-4795-5p, hsa-miR-4784, hsa-miR-330-3p, hsa-miR-15a-5p, hsa-miR-10a-5p, hsa-miR-181c, and hsa-miR-200c-3p [PMC4626193]. To validate the microarray results, qPCR was performed on the eight genes with the greatest difference in expression compared to non-AAN-UUC samples [PMC4626193]. The expression levels of various RNAs were evaluated using a qRT-qPCR Kit [PMC8565027]. DIANA was used to predict downstream miRNAs of TFAP2AAS1 and 11 miRNAs were identified as candidates, including hsa-mir4434 [PMC8565027]. The downregulation of TFAP2AAS1 did not significantly alter the expression of hsa-mir4434 [PMC8565027]. In T2DM patients with CLI compared to those without CLI, five miRNAs, including hsa-mir4434, were significantly downregulated [PMC6261237]. In another study on differentially expressed microRNAs in T2DM patients with CLI compared to those without CLI, it was found that hsa-mir4434 was significantly downregulated [PMC4863087].