hsa-mir-4449: Hsa-mir-4449 is a microRNA that has been found to be significantly down-regulated in the peripheral blood of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) [PMC8294502]. In patients with lung transplantation (LT) rejection, hsa-mir-4449 has shown a significant rise in expression, along with hsa-miR-548as-3p and -3158-5p [PMC8199419]. Additionally, hsa-mir-4449 has been found to be downregulated in the good response group of patients, along with hsa-miR-135a-5p, hsa-miR-4488, and hsa-miR-122-5p [PMC8313935]. Hsa-mir-4449 has also been identified as a diagnostic or prognostic biomarker in glioma [PMC9983174]. In a study using cell lines, the expression of hsa-mir-4449 was significantly upregulated after treatment with CAP [PMC8851033]. Furthermore, hsa-mir-4449 has been found to regulate IL1β and IL18 expressions, as well as the level of ROS and pyroptosis in diabetic kidney disease (DKD) pathogenesis [PMC9761943]. Hsa-mir-4449 is also implicated in kidney disease pathogenesis and development along with hsa-circ_0001250 and hsa-miR639 [PMC9761943]. Bioinformatics methods have identified six miRNAs including hsa-mir-4449 that may have potential roles in disease pathogenesis [PMC9473890]. Finally, osteoporotic samples have shown upregulation of 13 miRNAs including hsa-mir 4449 compared to osteoarthritic samples [PMC7543140].