mmu-mir-147: Mmu-mir-147 is a type of microRNA that is located in exon 4 of the normal mucosa esophagus specific 1 (NMES1) transcript. It shares the same mature sequence as mmu-mir-147b and is located in a similar position on the mouse homologous gene [PMC3441733]. Mmu-mir-147 has been shown to be induced upon Toll-like receptor (TLR) stimulation in murine macrophages and is involved in the regulation of the inflammatory response, potentially acting as a negative feedback loop of the TLR pathway [PMC3441733]. It has also been found to be activated during the inflammatory response in mice, where it functions as a negative regulator of TLR-associated signaling events [PMC4077261]. In a study using TaqMan qRT-PCR, A549 cells were treated with LPS and TNFα under normoxic or hypoxic conditions to measure the levels of three mature miRNAs, including mmu-mir-147 [PMC3441733]. Small RNA reads for mmu-mir-147 were found along with two other exonic miRNAs (mmu-miR-21 and mmu-miR-671) [PMC2736397]. Additionally, miR-142 was observed in relation to understanding Chlamydia pathogenesis using miRNAs [PMC6379932]. MiR-147b levels were below detection limits in these cells, and miR-298 does not exist in humans [PMC7192443].