gga-mir-429: Gga-mir-429 is a microRNA (miRNA) that has been identified as a potential regulator in chicken resistance to Avian Pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) infection [PMC9521048]. It has been found to regulate the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) and Wnt signaling pathways by targeting TMEFF2 and SHISA2 [PMC9521048]. In a study comparing differentially expressed miRNAs in chicken fat lines, gga-mir-429 was found to be upregulated [PMC4326283]. It was also uniquely detected in samples infected with Marek's Disease Virus (MDV) [PMC3511444]. Overexpression of gga-mir-429 has been shown to inhibit the expression of TMEFF2 and SHISA2, as well as regulate the PDGF and Wnt signaling pathways in chicken macrophages [PMC9266748]. In relation to APEC pathology, gga-mir-429 expression was found to be upregulated in infected groups compared to the non-infected group [PMC5203650]. Through reporter gene systems, it has been suggested that gga-mir-429 directly inhibits TMEFF2 and SHISA2 expression by binding to their 3' UTRs, while indirectly inhibiting CDC20 expression through other mechanisms [PMC5203650]. Furthermore, gga-mir-429 has been shown to downregulate the mRNA expression of its target genes TMEFF2 and SHISA2 in immune cells [PMC5203650]. Overall, gga-mir-429 is considered a potential candidate involved in APEC resistance and its regulatory mechanisms warrant further investigation [PMC5203650][PMC5573731][PMC3436634][PMC5187847].